# positions[].organizations[].parent[].label
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# positions[].organizations[].parent[].label
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# overview
My long-term goals are two-fold: 1) to understand the molecular mechanism of prenatal CrVI exposure on placental and fetal development, ovarian and uterine function, and pregnancy outcome, and; 2) to understand the protective effects of various natural and synthetic antioxidants (such as edaravone, glutathione, vitamin C and resveratrol) against the deleterious effects of heavy-metals, CrVI in particular.  Current research in my lab is focused on the study of reproductive and developmental toxicity of CrVI. Drinking water contamination with CrVI in the United States is a growing problem due to increased usage of CrVI and improper disposal of Cr waste into the environment. Significant contamination with CrVI has been found in the drinking water sources of all the states in the U.S. Effects of Cr on reproductive health in women and development in children have received less attention. Epidemiological data document that women exposed to Cr in environmental or occupational settings suffer from infertility, gynecological problems, congenital malformation of fetuses, neonatal mortality, and premature abortions with increased levels of Cr in their blood, urine and placenta. Cr can bind directly to DNA and nuclear proteins, cause DNA strand breaks and mutations, alter the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, and activate several cell signaling pathways. Therefore, my current research objective is to determine molecular pathways and identify target genes/proteins by which Cr alters prenatal development and organogenesis of female reproductive system in the offspring.

# keywords[]
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

# keywords[]
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

# educationAndTraining[].organization.label
University of Madras - (Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India)

# awardsAndHonors[].label
Montague Center for Teaching Excellence (CTE) Scholar

# publications[].label
A fetal whole ovarian culture model for the evaluation of CrVI-induced developmental toxicity during germ cell nest breakdown.

# publications[].label
SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 RECEPTORS EP2 AND EP4 INHIBITS ADHESION, MIGRATION, AND INVASION OF HUMAN ENDOMETRIOTIC CELLS

# publications[].label
Lactational exposure to hexavalent chromium delays puberty by impairing ovarian development, steroidogenesis and pituitary hormone synthesis in developing Wistar rats.

# publications[].label
Molecular, Cellular, and Epigenetic Signatures of Prostaglandin E2 in Endometriosis

# publications[].label
Gene expression profiles and functional characterization of human immortalized endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells.

# publications[].label
Prenatal exposure to chromium induces early reproductive senescence by increasing germ cell apoptosis and advancing germ cell cyst breakdown in the F1 offspring.

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and spatio-temporal expression of the prostaglandin transporter: a basis for the action of prostaglandins in the bovine reproductive system.

# publications[].publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

# publications[].label
Selective blockade of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 signaling inhibits proliferation of human endometriotic epithelial cells and stromal cells through distinct cell cycle arrest.

# publications[].label
Dynamic expression and regulation of prostaglandin receptors EP2, EP3, EP4, and FP as well as cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 in caruncles, intercaruncles and fetal membranes during bovine pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Inhibition of Sirtuin-1 hyperacetylates p53 and abrogates Sirtuin-1-p53 interaction in Cr(VI)-induced apoptosis in the ovary.

# publications[].label
Early pregnancy induced expression of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 in the ovine endometrium and regulated by interferon tau through multiple cell signaling pathways.

# publications[].label
Transport of Luteolytic PGF2a Pulses from the Uterus to the Ovary Is Facilitated by Prostaglandin Transporter Mediated Mechanisms at the Time of Luteolysis in Sheep.

# publications[].label
Chromium toxicity induces ovarian follicular developmental arrest, apoptosis, and deregulated steroidogenesis: Vitamin C restores follicular survival and function.

# publications[].label
Intraluteal prostaglandin biosynthesis and signaling are selectively directed towards PGF2alpha during luteolysis but towards PGE2 during the establishment of pregnancy in sheep.

# publications[].label
Developmental profiles of TSH, sex steroids, and their receptors in the thyroid and their relevance to thyroid growth in immature rats.

# publications[].label
In vitro and in silico evaluation of NF-B targeted costunolide action on estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells--a comparison with normal breast cells.

# publications[].label
Testosterone and estradiol up-regulate androgen and estrogen receptors in immature and adult rat thyroid glands in vivo.

# publications[].label
Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 inhibits invasion of human immortalized endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells through suppression of metalloproteinases.

# publications[].label
Early pregnancy induced expression of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 in the ovine endometrium and regulated by interferon tau through multiple cell signaling pathways

# publications[].label
Editor's Highlight: Exposure to CrVI during Early Pregnancy Increases Oxidative Stress and Disrupts the Expression of Antioxidant Proteins in Placental Compartments.

# publications[].label
Octyl gallate and gallic acid isolated from Terminalia bellarica regulates normal cell cycle in human breast cancer cell lines.

# publications[].label
Selective Inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 Inhibits Adhesion of Human Endometriotic Epithelial and Stromal Cells through Integrin-Mediated Mechanisms

# publications[].label
Expression and regulation of prostaglandin transporter in corpus luteum and utero-ovarian plexus during the bovine estrous cycle and pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Identifying a novel role for X-prolyl aminopeptidase (Xpnpep) 2 in CrVI-induced adverse effects on germ cell nest breakdown and follicle development in rats.

# publications[].label
Induction of peritoneal endometriosis in nude mice with use of human immortalized endometriosis epithelial and stromal cells: a potential experimental tool to study molecular pathogenesis of endometriosis in humans.

# publications[].label
PPAR activation inhibits growth and survival of human endometriotic cells by suppressing estrogen biosynthesis and PGE2 signaling.

# publications[].label
Expression of prostaglandin transporter in the bovine uterus and fetal membranes during pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Selective Increased Luteal Prostaglandin E2 Compared to F2 Alpha Biosynthesis and Signaling Are Critical for Luteal Protection and Resistance During Establishment of Pregnancy in Sheep.

# publications[].label
Interferon tau regulates PGF2alpha release from the ovine endometrial epithelial cells via activation of novel JAK/EGFR/ERK/EGR-1 pathways.

# publications[].label
Alteration of epigenetic methyl and acetyl marks by postnatal chromium(VI) exposure causes apoptotic changes in the ovary of the F1 offspring.

# publications[].label
Selective Inhibition of Prostaglandin Receptors EP2 and EP4 Suppresses Growth and Development of the Ovine Conceptus

# publications[].label
Sexually Dimorphic Impact of Chromium Accumulation on Human Placental Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

# publications[].label
Selective Transport of PGF2a and PGE2 from Uterus to Ovary During Luteolysis and During the Establishment of Pregnancy in Sheep.

# publications[].label
Lactational hexavalent chromium exposure-induced oxidative stress in rat uterus is associated with delayed puberty and impaired gonadotropin levels.

# publications[].label
UNRAVELING THE MOLECULR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PGE2 SIGNALING AND PAIN PATHWAYS IN ENDOMETRIOSIS

# publications[].label
Postnatal exposure to chromium through mother's milk accelerates follicular atresia in F1 offspring through increased oxidative stress and depletion of antioxidant enzymes.

# publications[].label
Hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells involves selective sub-cellular translocation of Bcl-2 members, ERK1/2 and p53.

# publications[].label
Effects of Early Pregnancy and Estrous Cycle on Survival and Apoptotic Pathways Lead to Endurance or Death of Corpus Luteum in Sheep.

# publications[].label
Temporal and tissue-specific expression of prostaglandin receptors EP2, EP3, EP4, FP, and cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 in uterus and fetal membranes during bovine pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Spatial and Temporal Expression of Prostaglandin E2 Receptors in Uterus and Conceptus During the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy in Sheep

# publications[].label
Dual inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT pathways is required to suppress the growth and survival of endometriotic cells and lesions.

# publications[].label
Editor's Highlight: Exposure to CrVI during Early Pregnancy Increases Oxidative Stress and Disrupts the Expression of Antioxidant Proteins in Placental Compartments.

# publications[].label
Can the expression pattern of estrogen receptor alpha and beta proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma be of prognostic value?

# publications[].label
Is gender difference in postnatal thyroid growth associated with specific expression patterns of androgen and estrogen receptors?

# publications[].label
Gestational Exposure to Chromium (VI) Impairs Pregnancy Outcome and Fetal Development.

# publications[].label
Molecular and preclinical basis to inhibit PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 as a novel nonsteroidal therapy for endometriosis.

# publications[].publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and characterization of bovine prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4: expression and regulation in endometrium and myometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Male reproductive toxicity of CrVI: In-utero exposure to CrVI at the critical window of testis differentiation represses the expression of Sertoli cell tight junction proteins and hormone receptors in adult F1 progeny rats.

# publications[].label
Edaravone mitigates hexavalent chromium-induced oxidative stress and depletion of antioxidant enzymes while estrogen restores antioxidant enzymes in the rat ovary in F1 offspring.

# publications[].label
Prostaglandin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling in corpus luteum: a basis for autoregulation of luteal function.

# publications[].label
Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates survival, migration, and invasion of human endometriotic cells through multiple mechanisms.

# publications[].label
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status in human malignant and non-malignant thyroid tumours.

# publications[].label
Intrauterine Infusion of Interferon Tau Selectively Directs Intraluteal Prostaglandin Biosynthesis Towards PGE2 and Activates EP2 and EP4-Mediated Signaling in the Corpus Luteum at the Time of Establishment of Pregnancy in Ruminants.

# publications[].label
The countercurrent transfer of PGF2 from the uterus to the ovary at the time of luteolysis in ruminants is controlled by a prostaglandin transporter-mediated mechanism

# publications[].label
Expression and Regulation of Prostaglandin Biosynthetic Enzymes Cox-2 and Pges-1 and Receptors EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 in Endometriosis in the Nonhuman Primate

# publications[].label
Prostaglandin biosynthesis, transport and signaling in corpus luteum: A basis for autoregulation of luteal function

# publications[].label
Early pregnancy modulates survival and apoptosis pathways in the corpus luteum in sheep.

# publications[].label
Testosterone and estradiol differentially regulate TSH-induced thyrocyte proliferation in immature and adult rats.

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and characterization of ovine prostaglandin transporter: Expression and regulation in uterus during establishment of pregnancy.

# publications[].label
Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 inhibits adhesion of human endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells through suppression of integrin-mediated mechanisms.

# publications[].label
Chromium Burden in Human Placenta: Author(s) Responses to Thompson et al.

# publications[].label
Intrauterine inhibition of prostaglandin transporter protein blocks release of luteolytic PGF2alpha pulses without suppressing endometrial expression of estradiol or oxytocin receptor in ruminants.

# publications[].label
Does prostaglandin F2 alpha play pleiotropic role during establishment of pregnancy in ruminants?

# publications[].label
Inhibition of the Prostaglandin Transporter Protein Suppresses Luteolytic Pulses of PGF2alpha from the Ovine Uterus

# publications[].label
Chromium VI - Induced developmental toxicity of placenta is mediated through spatiotemporal dysregulation of cell survival and apoptotic proteins.

# publications[].label
Lactational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium Induced Follicular Atresia in Pre-Pubertal F1 Offspring: Molecular Signaling Integration of Granulosa Cell Apoptosis

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and expression of bovine prostaglandin transporter (bPGT) in uterus and in utero-ovarian plexus during the estrous cycle and pregnancy.

# publications[].label
PPAR-GAMMA ACTIVATION INHIBITS PROLIFERATION OF ENDOMETRIOTIC EPITHELIAL AND STROMAL CELLS AND IS PRO-APOPTOTIC IN ENDOMETRIOTIC STROMAL CELLS IN VITRO.

# publications[].label
Resveratrol protects the ovary against chromium-toxicity by enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymes and inhibiting metabolic clearance of estradiol.

# publications[].label
Testosterone and estradiol differentially regulate thyroid growth in Wistar rats from immature to adult age.

# publications[].label
Intrauterine coadministration of ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 inhibits interferon TAU action in the endometrium and restores luteolytic PGF2alpha pulses in sheep.

# publications[].label
Effect of interferon-tau on prostaglandin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle: evidence of polycrine actions of prostaglandin E2.

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and characterization of prostaglandin (PG) transporter in ovine endometrium: role for multiple cell signaling pathways in transport of PGF2alpha.

# publications[].label
Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 modulates DNA methylation and histone modification machinery proteins in human endometriotic cells.

# publications[].label
Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 induces apoptosis of human endometriotic cells through suppression of ERK1/2, AKT, NFkappaB, and beta-catenin pathways and activation of intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms.

# publications[].label
Androgen Receptor Expression in Human Thyroid Cancer Tissues: A Potential Mechanism Underlying the Gender Bias in the Incidence of Thyroid Cancers

# publications[].id
Evidence of polycrine action of PGE2

# publications[].label
Effect of interferon tau on prostaglandin biosynthesis, transport, and signalling during maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle

# publications[].label
Molecular cloning and expression of bovine prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 in uterus during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in vivo and in bovine endometrial (BEND) cells in vitro.

# publications[].label
Exposure to CrVI During Early Pregnancy Increases Oxidative Stress and Disrupts the Expression of Antioxidant Proteins in Placental Compartments.

# publications[].label
Chromium-VI arrests cell cycle and decreases granulosa cell proliferation by down-regulating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and cyclins and up-regulating CDK-inhibitors.

# publications[].label
Hexavalent Chromium Through Lactational Exposure Delayed Follicular Development in Pre-Pubertal F1 Offspring: Mechanistic Insights into Cell Cycle Regulation of Granulosa Cells

# publications[].label
Transport of prostaglandin F(2alpha) pulses from the uterus to the ovary at the time of luteolysis in ruminants is regulated by prostaglandin transporter-mediated mechanisms.

# publications[].label
Androgen receptor expression in human thyroid cancer tissues: a potential mechanism underlying the gender bias in the incidence of thyroid cancers.

# publications[].label
Gene expression profiles in human immortalized endometriotic epithelial and stromal cells: Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

# publications[].label
Prostaglandin E2 but Not Interferon Tau Is Locally Transported from the Uterus to the Ovary Through Utero-Ovarian Plexus and Protects Corpus Luteum from Structural Regression Through Multiple Mechanisms in Ruminants

# publications[].label
Cross-talk between interferon tau and epidermal growth factor receptor in ovine endometrium.

# publications[].label
Novel concepts on the role of prostaglandins on luteal maintenance and maternal recognition and establishment of pregnancy in ruminants.

# publications[].label
Combined Inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT Pathways Induces Apoptosis of Human Endometriotic Epithelial and Stromal Cells through Intrinsic Apoptotic Mechanisms

# publications[].label
Ex Vivo Fetal Whole Ovarian Culture Model: An Essential Tool for Studies in Reproductive Toxicology and Pharmacology.

# researcherOn[].label
Chromium VI-Induced Toxicity On Female Reproductive Function

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# researcherOn[].label
Epigenetic Regulation of Progesterone Receptor-B in the Endometrium during Luteolysis in Ruminants

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
United States Department of Agriculture - (Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
USDA-National Institute of Food And Agriculture

# researcherOn[].label
Role of miR15a and miR34c in PGE2 Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
DHHS-NIH-Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development

# researcherOn[].label
THE ROLE OF INTRALUTEAL PROSTAGLANDINS IN LUTEOLYSIS AND-LUTEAL PROTECTION IN SHEEP

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
United States Department of Agriculture - (Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
USDA-National Institute of Food And Agriculture

# researcherOn[].label
Texas A&M Center for Environmental Health Research

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - (Durham, North Carolina, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
DHHS-NIH-National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

# researcherOn[].label
Mechanism of Prenatal Chromium-VI Exposure and Germ Cell Apoptosis in the Ovary

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# streetAddress
Texas A&M University; Veterinary Integrative Biosciences; 4458 TAMU

# organizations[]
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# organizations[]
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# schools[]
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# schools[]
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# etdChairOf[].label
Krishnaveni Sivakumar, Kirthiram (2018-08). Molecular Mechanisms of Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure. Doctoral Dissertation.