# title
Large Eddy Simulation of Microbubble Drag Reduction in Fully Developed Turbulent Boundary Layers

# abstract
<jats:p>Microbubble drag reduction has good application prospects. It operates by injecting a large number of bubbles with tiny diameters into a turbulent boundary layer. However, its mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this paper, the mechanisms of microbubble drag reduction in a fully developed turbulent boundary layer over a flat-plate is investigated using a two-way coupled Euler-Lagrange approach based on large eddy simulation. The results show good agreement with theoretical values in the velocity distribution and the distribution of fluctuation intensities. As the results show, the presence of bubbles reduces the frequency of bursts associated with the sweep events from 637.8 Hz to 611.2 Hz, indicating that the sweep events, namely the impacting of high-speed fluids on the wall surface, are suppressed and the streamwise velocity near the wall is decreased, hence reducing the velocity gradient at the wall and consequently lessening the skin friction. The suppression on burst frequency also, with the fluid fluctuation reduced in degree, decreases the intensity of vortices near the wall, leading to reduced production of turbulent kinetic energy.</jats:p>

# publicationVenue.label
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering

# publicationOutlet
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING