# title
Ghoshal, Pritha (2012-12). Low Latency Stochastic Filtering Software Firewall Architecture. Master's Thesis.

# abstract
Firewalls are an integral part of network security. They are pervasive throughout networks and can be found in mobile phones, workstations, servers, switches, routers, and standalone network devices. Their primary responsibility is to track and discard unauthorized network traffic, and may be implemented using costly special purpose hardware to flexible inexpensive software running on commodity hardware. The most basic action of a firewall is to match packets against a set of rules in an Access Control List (ACL) to determine whether they should be allowed or denied access to a network or resource.  By design, traditional firewalls must sequentially search through the ACL table, leading to increasing latencies as the number of entries in the table increase. This is particularly true for software firewalls implemented in commodity server hardware. Reducing latency in software firewalls may enable them to replace hardware firewalls in certain applications. In this thesis, we propose a software firewall architecture which removes the sequential ACL lookup from the critical path and thus decreases the latency per packet in the common case. To accomplish this we implement a Bloom filter-based, stochastic pre-classification stage, enabling the bifurcation of the predicted good and predicted bad packet code paths, greatly improving performance. Our proposed architecture improves firewall performance 67% to 92% under anonymized trace based workloads from CAIDA servers. While our approach has the possibility of incorrectly classifying a small subset of bad packets as good, we show that these holes are neither predictable nor permanent, leading to a vanishingly small probability of firewall penetration.

# websites[].label
Low Latency Stochastic Filtering Software Firewall Architecture