# title
Comparison of Outcome After Use of Extra-Luminal Rings and Intra-Luminal Stents for Treatment of Tracheal Collapse in Dogs.

# abstract
OBJECTIVE: To report short- and long-term complications and outcomes of dogs treated for tracheal collapse secondary to chondromalacia with extra-luminal rings (ELR) or intra-luminal stents (ILS). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SAMPLE POPULATION: Dogs with naturally occurring tracheal collapse (n=103). METHODS: Medical records (2002-2012) of dogs diagnosed with tracheal collapse that had treatment with ELR (n=73) or ILS (30) were reviewed. Demographic information, procedural information, complications, survival time, and subjective outcomes were recorded. Follow-up periods were defined as <730 days (short-term) and >730 days (long-term). RESULTS: Ninety-two percent of dogs undergoing ELR and 100% of dogs undergoing ILS survived to hospital discharge. ELR dogs were significantly younger (P=.009) and significantly fewer had main-stem bronchial collapse (P<.001). After accounting for effects of age and presence of main-stem bronchial collapse, there was no significant difference in median survival time between groups. Dogs with main-stem bronchial collapse (regardless of treatment type) had a shorter survival time than dogs without main-stem bronchial collapse. Major complications occurred in ELR (42%) and ILS dogs (43%). CONCLUSIONS: Both ELR and ILS are associated with high complication rates. Younger dogs and dogs without main-stem bronchial collapse had a longer survival time, regardless of treatment.

# authors[].organizations[].label
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# authors[].organizations[].label
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# authorList[]
Tinga, S., Thieman Mankin, K. M., Peycke, L. E., & Cohen, N. D.