# positions[].organizations[].parent[].label
Texas A&M University Naresh K. Vashisht College of Medicine

# positions[].organizations[].parent[].label
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# positions[].organizations[].parent[].label
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# overview
We have two projects in my lab. The first project is focused on identifying evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures in the coronavirus RNA genome and functionally examining their role in viral replication through reverse genetic and biochemical approaches. We have previously done this for a number of RNA secondary structures contained within the 5? and 3? regions of the genome and shown that they function as cis-acting elements in replication. Studies in my laboratory have identified a structurally dynamic region of the 5'UTR that interacts with the 3'UTR to facilitate transcription.

A second project in my laboratory has been to develop a reverse genetic system for MHV-1. In collaboration with investigators in Toronto and Pennsylvania my laboratory has demonstrated that MHV-1 infection of susceptible mice provides a safe and convenient rodent model for severe coronavirus infections such as SARS and MERS. The development of a reverse genetic system will allow us to investigate the contributions of individual viral genes to the pathogenesis of the severe pulmonary disease caused by this virus.

# keywords[]
30 Agricultural, Veterinary And Food Sciences

# keywords[]
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

# keywords[]
4603 Computer Vision And Multimedia Computation

# keywords[]
30 Agricultural, Veterinary And Food Sciences

# keywords[]
2.2 Factors Relating To The Physical Environment

# keywords[]
2.2 Factors Relating To The Physical Environment

# keywords[]
1.1 Normal Biological Development And Functioning

# keywords[]
2.2 Factors Relating To The Physical Environment

# keywords[]
1.1 Normal Biological Development And Functioning

# keywords[]
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

# keywords[]
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

# educationAndTraining[].organization.label
University of California, San Diego - (San Diego, California, United States)

# educationAndTraining[].organization.label
Montefiore Medical Center - (The Bronx, New York, United States)

# educationAndTraining[].organization.label
Alfred University - (Alfred, New York, United States)

# educationAndTraining[].organization.label
Montefiore Medical Center - (The Bronx, New York, United States)

# publications[].label
Characterization of murine coronavirus RNA by hybridization with virus-specific cDNA probes

# publications[].label
Coronavirus N protein N-terminal domain (NTD) specifically binds the transcriptional regulatory sequence (TRS) and melts TRS-cTRS RNA duplexes.

# publications[].label
Biochemical and genetic analyses of murine hepatitis virus Nsp15 endoribonuclease.

# publications[].label
Mouse hepatitis virus gene 5b protein is a new virion envelope protein.

# publications[].label
Immunologic dysfunction during viral oncogenesis. I. Nonspecific immunosuppression caused by malignant rabbit fibroma virus.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Susceptibility to Theiler's virus-induced demyelination. Mapping of the gene within the H-2D region.

# publications[].label
Genetic Predisposition To The Expression Of Lymphoid Procoagulant Activity (PCA) In Response To Viral Stimulation

# publications[].label
Brucella activates the host RIDD pathway to subvert BLOS1-directed immune defense.

# publications[].label
Sub-second heat inactivation of coronavirus using a betacoronavirus model.

# publications[].label
The role of perforin and Fas-mediated cytotoxic effector function in the development of demyelination and neurologic deficits in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

# publications[].label
Biological and macromolecular properties of murine cells persistently infected with MHV-JHM.

# publications[].label
The structure and functions of coronavirus genomic 3' and 5' ends.

# publications[].label
Mouse hepatitis virus-3 induced prothrombinase (Fgl2) maps to proximal chromosome 5.

# publications[].label
MHV-3 induced prothrombinase is encoded by musfiblp.

# publications[].label
Sub-second heat inactivation of coronavirus

# publications[].label
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells make discrete contributions to demyelination and neurologic disease in a viral model of multiple sclerosis

# publications[].label
Intracellular processing of the N-terminal ORF 1a proteins of the coronavirus MHV-A59 requires multiple proteolytic events.

# publications[].label
The pattern of induction of apoptosis during infection with MHV-3 correlates with strain variation in resistance and susceptibility to lethal hepatitis.

# publications[].label
Neonatal infection with the Daniels strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus.

# publications[].label
Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain 1 as a Model for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Sars)

# publications[].label
Detection of mouse hepatitis virus nonstructural proteins using antisera directed against bacterial viral fusion proteins.

# publications[].label
A Th1 cell line (3E9.1) from resistant A/J mice inhibits induction of macrophage procoagulant activity in vitro and protects against MHV-3 mortality in vivo.

# publications[].label
A previously unrecognized UNR stem-loop structure in the coronavirus 5' untranslated region plays a functional role in replication.

# publications[].label
Characterization, molecular cloning, and physical mapping of the Shope fibroma virus genome.

# publications[].label
Stem-loop 1 in the 5' UTR of the SARS coronavirus can substitute for its counterpart in mouse hepatitis virus.

# publications[].label
The coronavirus endoribonuclease Nsp15 interacts with retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein.

# publications[].label
Coronaviruses: Propagation, Quantification, Storage, and Construction of Recombinant Mouse Hepatitis Virus

# publications[].label
Virus-lymphocyte interactions during the course of immunosuppressive virus infection.

# publications[].label
Equine bronchial epithelial cells are susceptible to cell entry with a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus but reveal low replication efficiency.

# publications[].publisher
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)

# publications[].label
Kinetic analysis of a unique direct prothrombinase, fgl2, and identification of a serine residue critical for the prothrombinase activity.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
INVITRO ANALYSIS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN RABBITS CAUSED BY THE MALIGNANT VARIANT OF SHOPE FIBROMA VIRUS

# publications[].label
INDUCTION OF A PROCOAGULANT MONOKINE IS A MARKER FOR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MURINE VIRAL-HEPATITIS

# publications[].label
Mitochondrial aconitase binds to the 3'-UTR of mouse hepatitis virus RNA.

# publications[].label
Persistent infection of a glioma cell line generates a Theiler's virus variant which fails to induce demyelinating disease in SJL/J mice.

# publications[].label
Molecular and functional analysis of the human prothrombinase gene (HFGL2) and its role in viral hepatitis.

# publications[].label
Association of mouse fibrinogen-like protein with murine hepatitis virus-induced prothrombinase activity.

# publications[].label
Loss of resistance to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection after treatment with corticosteroids is associated with induction of macrophage procoagulant activity.

# publications[].label
Lymphocyte-virus interactions. Identification of a restriction fragment permitting virus replication in lymphocytes.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
MOLECULAR MIMICRY BETWEEN S-PEPLOMER PROTEINS OF CORONAVIRIDAE (MHV, BCV, TGEV AND IBV) AND FC RECEPTOR

# publications[].label
The replication of murine coronaviruses in enucleated cells.

# publications[].label
Genetic complementation among three panels of mouse hepatitis virus gene 1 mutants.

# publications[].label
In vitro growth of two related leporipoxviruses in lymphoid cells.

# publications[].label
A newly identified MHV-A59 ORF1a polypeptide p65 is temperature sensitive in two RNA negative mutants.

# publications[].label
Abortive infection of human mononuclear cells with cytomegalovirus induces functional immunosuppression in vitro.

# publications[].label
Leporine acquired immune deficiency disease.

# publications[].label
The virus-specific intracellular RNA species of two murine coronaviruses: MHV-a59 and MHV-JHM.

# publications[].label
A previously unrecognized UNR stem-loop structure in the coronavirus 5' untranslated region plays a functional role in replication.

# publications[].label
Mouse hepatitis virus stem-loop 2 adopts a uYNMG(U)a-like tetraloop structure that is highly functionally tolerant of base substitutions.

# publications[].label
Putative cis-acting stem-loops in the 5' untranslated region of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus can substitute for their mouse hepatitis virus counterparts.

# publications[].label
MHV S peplomer protein expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus vector exhibits IgG Fc-receptor activity.

# publications[].label
SHAPE analysis of the RNA secondary structure of the Mouse Hepatitis Virus 5' untranslated region and N-terminal nsp1 coding sequences.

# publications[].label
Characterization of murine coronavirus RNA by hybridization with virus-specific cDNA probes.

# publications[].label
Functional analysis of the stem loop S3 and S4 structures in the coronavirus 3'UTR.

# publications[].label
Coronaviruses: Molecular and Cellular Biology

# publications[].publisher
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

# publications[].label
Functional transcriptional regulatory sequence (TRS) RNA binding and helix destabilizing determinants of murine hepatitis virus (MHV) nucleocapsid (N) protein.

# publications[].label
Fulminant hepatic failure in murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection: tissue-specific expression of a novel fgl2 prothrombinase.

# publications[].label
Monoclonal antibody analysis of a unique macrophage procoagulant activity induced by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection.

# publications[].label
Perforin-dependent neurologic injury in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

# publications[].label
Malignant rabbit fibroma virus causes secondary immunosuppression in rabbits.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Intracellular localization of polypeptides encoded in mouse hepatitis virus open reading frame 1A.

# publications[].label
Isolation and characterization of two plaque size variants of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (DA strain).

# publications[].label
Protein synthesis in cells infected by murine hepatitis viruses JHM and A59: tryptic peptide analysis.

# publications[].label
Molecular mimicry between Fc receptor and S peplomer protein of mouse hepatitis virus, bovine corona virus, and transmissible gastroenteritis virus.

# publications[].label
Recombination between nonsegmented RNA genomes of murine coronaviruses.

# publications[].label
Localization of mouse hepatitis virus open reading frame 1A derived proteins.

# publications[].label
Antigenic variants are not selected during persistent infection with Theiler's virus.

# publications[].label
Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain 3 Infection: Tissue-Specific Expression of a Novel fgl2 Prothrombinase

# publications[].label
Abrogation of resistance to Theiler's virus-induced demyelination in H-2b mice deficient in beta 2-microglobulin.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Synthesis and assembly of adenovirus polypeptides. III. Reversible inhibition of hexon assembly in adenovirus type 5 temperature-sensitive mutants.

# publications[].label
Immunosuppression in viral oncogenesis. III. Effects of virus infection on interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 generation and responsiveness.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Cover Image, Volume 118, Number 5, May 2021

# publications[].label
Synthesis of virus-specific RNA in permeabilized murine coronavirus-infected cells.

# publications[].label
Inhibition of virus replication does not alter malignant rabbit fibroma virus-induced immunosuppression.

# publications[].label
Murine hepatitis virus strain 1 produces a clinically relevant model of severe acute respiratory syndrome in A/J mice.

# publications[].label
Mitochondrial aconitase binds to the 3' untranslated region of the mouse hepatitis virus genome.

# publications[].label
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis: a model of demyelination and persistence of virus.

# publications[].label
Theiler's virus persistence and demyelination in major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice.

# publications[].label
A general method for the induction and screening of antisera for cDNA-encoded polypeptides: antibodies specific for a coronavirus putative polymerase-encoding gene.

# publications[].label
Identification of novel functional regions within the spike glycoprotein of MHV-A59 based on a bioinformatics approach.

# publications[].label
Genetic analysis of murine hepatitis virus strain JHM.

# publications[].label
A U-turn motif-containing stem-loop in the coronavirus 5' untranslated region plays a functional role in replication.

# publications[].label
Pathogenic murine coronaviruses. III. Biological and biochemical characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of JHMV.

# publications[].label
Role of macrophage procoagulant activity in mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection: studies using T cell MHV-3 clones and monoclonal antibody 3D4.3.

# publications[].label
Infection of equine bronchial epithelial cells with a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus

# publications[].label
Effect of mutations in the mouse hepatitis virus 3'(+)42 protein binding element on RNA replication.

# publications[].label
In vitro assembled, recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses demonstrate that the 5a open reading frame is not essential for replication.

# publications[].label
DEMYELINATION CAN BE INDUCED IN CLASS II DEFICIENT MICE

# publications[].label
A GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF MURINE HEPATITIS-VIRUS, STRAIN JHM

# publications[].label
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE IDENTITY OF MALIGNANT RABBIT FIBROMA VIRUS

# publications[].label
Fc receptor-like activity of mouse hepatitis virus E2 glycoprotein.

# publications[].label
The nucleocapsid protein of murine hepatitis virus type 3 induces transcription of the novel fgl2 prothrombinase gene.

# publications[].label
Molecular mimicry between S peplomer proteins of coronaviruses (MHV, BCV, TGEV and IBV) and Fc receptor.

# publications[].label
A conserved motif at the 3' end of mouse hepatitis virus genomic RNA required for host protein binding and viral RNA replication.

# publications[].label
Specific binding of host cellular proteins to multiple sites within the 3' end of mouse hepatitis virus genomic RNA.

# publications[].label
Resistance of naive mice to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 requires development of a Th1, but not a Th2, response, whereas pre-existing antibody partially protects against primary infection.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
A review of genetic methods and models for analysis of coronavirus-induced severe pneumonitis.

# publications[].label
Mutagenesis of the 3'42 nucleotide host protein binding element of the MHV 3'UTR.

# publications[].label
Pathogenesis of Murine Coronavirus Infection

# publications[].label
Malignant rabbit fibroma syndrome. A possible model for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

# publications[].label
The immune response to mouse hepatitis virus: genetic variation in antibody response and disease.

# publications[].label
Genetic determinants of mouse hepatitis virus strain 1 pneumovirulence.

# publications[].label
Cell-free translation of murine coronavirus RNA.

# publications[].label
Recombinant human IL-6 suppresses demyelination in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Microheterogeneity of S-glycoprotein of mouse hepatitis virus temperature-sensitive mutants.

# publications[].label
Lymphocyte-instructed monocyte induction of the coagulation pathways parallels the induction of hepatitis by the murine hepatitis virus.

# publications[].label
Malignant rabbit fibroma virus: observations on the culture and histopathologic characteristics of a new virus-induced rabbit tumor.

# publications[].label
Partial suppression of Theiler's virus-induced demyelination in vivo by administration of monoclonal antibodies to immune-response gene products (Ia antigens).

# publications[].label
Mitochondrial HSP70, HSP40, and HSP60 bind to the 3' untranslated region of the Murine hepatitis virus genome.

# publications[].label
Induction of monocyte procoagulant activity by murine hepatitis virus type 3 parallels disease susceptibility in mice.

# publications[].label
Spontaneous CNS remyelination in beta 2 microglobulin-deficient mice following virus-induced demyelination.

# publications[].label
Resistance of naive mice to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 requires development of a Th1, but not a Th2, response, whereas pre-existing antibody partially protects against primary infection

# publications[].label
Identification of polypeptides encoded in open reading frame 1b of the putative polymerase gene of the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59.

# publications[].label
Characterization of Plaque-Sized Variants of Daniel's (DA)Strain in Theiler's Virus-Induced Epilepsy.

# publications[].label
Synthesis and assembly of adenovirus type 2 polypeptides. II. Reversible inhibition of hexon assembly at 42 degrees.

# publications[].label
A sensitive radioimmunoassay for the determination of antibodies to mouse hepatitis virus.

# publications[].label
Resistance to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 is dependent on production of nitric oxide.

# publications[].label
CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells make discrete contributions to demyelination and neurologic disease in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

# publications[].label
RNA Higher-Order Structures Within the Coronavirus 5 and 3 Untranslated Regions and Their Roles in Viral Replication

# publications[].label
Detection of a murine coronavirus nonstructural protein encoded in a downstream open reading frame.

# publications[].label
Pathogenic murine coronaviruses. II. Characterization of virus-specific proteins of murine coronaviruses JHMV and A59V.

# publications[].label
Pattern of disease after murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection correlates with macrophage activation and not viral replication.

# publications[].label
Mouse hepatitis virus stem-loop 4 functions as a spacer element required to drive subgenomic RNA synthesis.

# publications[].label
Inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced cellular proliferation.

# publications[].label
Transcriptional mapping of early RNA from regions of the Shope fibroma and malignant rabbit fibroma virus genomes.

# publications[].label
PRESCIENT: platform for the rapid evaluation of antibody success using integrated microfluidics enabled technology.

# publications[].label
Monoclonal antiprothrombinase (3D4.3) prevents mortality from murine hepatitis virus (MHV-3) infection.

# publications[].label
Expression of the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen DR3 transgene reduces the severity of demyelination in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.

# publications[].publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation

# publications[].label
The ns 4 gene of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), strain A 59 contains two ORFs and thus differs from ns 4 of the JHM and S strains.

# publications[].label
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus induces rapid necrosis and delayed apoptosis in myelinated mouse cerebellar explant cultures.

# publications[].label
Immunoglobulin Fc binding activity is associated with the mouse hepatitis virus E2 peplomer protein.

# publications[].label
Murine hepatitis virus strain 1 as a model for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS).

# publications[].label
Comparison of the RNAs of murine and human coronaviruses.

# publications[].label
Increased hepatotropism of mutants of MHV, strain JHM, selected with monoclonal antibodies.

# publications[].label
A monoclonal natural autoantibody that promotes remyelination suppresses central nervous system inflammation and increases virus expression after Theiler's virus-induced demyelination.

# publications[].label
FURTHER-STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF THEILERS MURINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

# publications[].label
A specific host cellular protein binding element near the 3' end of mouse hepatitis virus genomic RNA.

# publications[].label
The immune response to mouse hepatitis virus: expression of monocyte procoagulant activity and plasminogen activator during infection in vivo.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Mouse hepatitis virus ORF 2a is expressed in the cytosol of infected mouse fibroblasts.

# publications[].label
Coronaviruses: propagation, quantification, storage, and construction of recombinant mouse hepatitis virus.

# publications[].label
Induction of apoptosis in murine coronavirus-infected cultured cells and demonstration of E protein as an apoptosis inducer.

# publications[].label
Defective infection of rabbit peripheral blood monocyte cultures with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

# publications[].label
Structural lability in stem-loop 1 drives a 5' UTR-3' UTR interaction in coronavirus replication.

# publications[].label
Diverse pathogens activate the host RIDD pathway to subvert BLOS1-directed immune defense

# publications[].label
Gene transcription of fgl2 in endothelial cells is controlled by Ets-1 and Oct-1 and requires the presence of both Sp1 and Sp3.

# publications[].label
Cellular and metabolic requirements for induction of macrophage procoagulant activity by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 in vitro.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# publications[].label
Erratum: Localization of mouse hepatitis virus open reading frame 1A derived protein (Journal of NeuroVirology (1998) 4 (594-605))

# publications[].label
Growth of malignant rabbit fibroma virus in lymphoid cells.

# publications[].label
Erratum: Fulminant hepatic failure in murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection: Tissue-specific expression of a novel fgl2 prothrombinase (Journal of Virology 71:12 (9225-9229))

# publications[].label
Caspase inhibitors block MHV-3 induced apoptosis and enhance viral replication and pathogenicity.

# publications[].label
The origins of SARS-CoV-2: A critical review.

# publications[].label
Treatment of resistant A/J mice with methylprednisolone (MP) results in loss of resistance to murine hepatitis strain 3 (MHV-3) and induction of macrophage procoagulant activity (PCA).

# publications[].label
The effect of amantadine on mouse hepatitis virus replication.

# publications[].label
Secondary structural elements within the 3' untranslated region of mouse hepatitis virus strain JHM genomic RNA.

# publications[].label
Reversal of virus-induced immune suppression.

# publications[].publisher
The American Association of Immunologists

# researcherOn[].label
Development of a High-Throughput Microfludics-Enabled Functional Assay for Rapidly Identifying Neutralizing Antibodies

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
DHHS-NIH-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

# researcherOn[].label
Conserved RNA Secondary Structures in three Betacoronaviruses: MHV, BCoV, and MERS-CoV

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
DHHS-NIH-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

# researcherOn[].label
RAPID: Large-scale functional analysis of antibody repertoires elicited by SARS-CoV-2

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
Directorate for Biological Sciences - (Arlington, Virginia, United States)

# researcherOn[].label
Accelerating Discovery of Neutralizing Paratopes with Functional Antibody Screening Technology

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.label
National Institutes of Health - (Bethesda, Maryland, United States)

# researcherOn[].awardedBy.preferredLabel
DHHS-NIH-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

# streetAddress
Texas A&M Health Science Center; Microbial Pathogenesis And Immunology; 8447 Riverside Parkway

# organizations[]
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# organizations[]
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# organizations[]
Texas A&M University Naresh K. Vashisht College of Medicine

# schools[]
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# schools[]
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

# schools[]
Texas A&M University Naresh K. Vashisht College of Medicine

# inTheNews[].label
Texas A&M researchers developing device to identify antibodies to fight COVID-19

# inTheNews[].label
There's a lot we don't know': UW researchers look at how coronavirus turns body against itself and kills